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・ Operation Nightfall
・ Operation Nightingale
・ Operation Nimble Archer
・ Operation Noah
・ Operation Noah (charity)
・ Operation Noah (commando raid)
・ Operation Noah (Kariba)
・ Operation Noah's Ark (1943)
・ Operation Noble Eagle
・ Operation Noble Obelisk
・ Operation Nordlicht (1942)
・ Operation Nordlicht (1944–45)
・ Operation Nordseetour
・ Operation Nordwind
・ Operation Nordwind (1941)
Operation North
・ Operation North (disambiguation)
・ Operation North Night Final
・ Operation Northern Delay
・ Operation Northern Iraq
・ Operation Northern Lights
・ Operation Northern Lights (disambiguation)
・ Operation Northern Watch
・ Operation Northwoods
・ Operation Nougat
・ Operation Nuke
・ Operation Oaktree
・ Operation Oasis
・ Operation OAU
・ Operation Obviate


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Operation North : ウィキペディア英語版
Operation North

Operation North ((ロシア語:Операция "Север")) was the code name assigned by the USSR Ministry of State Security〔("Operation North" ) 〕 to massive deportation of Jehovah's Witnesses〔In Soviet documents the group was often called Jehovists. Pavel Polyan in the footnotes to his book ''Against Their Will'' notices that the Soviets were probably unaware of another Russian religious group with the same name in Russian〕 and their families to Siberia in the Soviet Union on 1–2 April 1951.〔Валерий Пасат ."Трудные страницы истории Молдовы (1940-1950)". Москва: Изд. Terra, 1994 〕〔〔Charles King, ''The Moldovans: Romania, Russia, and the Politics of Culture'', Hoover Institution Press, 2000, p.96〕〔("50th Anniversary of the Operation North" ), Bulletin #23, 2001, of the ''Memorial Society'' 〕
==Background==

There were almost no Jehovah's Witnesses in the Soviet Union until its annexation of the Baltic States, Western Belarus, Western Ukraine, Bessarabia, and Northern Bukovina; most of them were located in the Moldavian SSR and Ukrainian SSR. Jehovah's Witnesses came into the conflict with the Soviet power, primarily because of their refusal to join the military.〔("Christian Believers Were Persecuted by All Totalitarian Regimes" ) ''Prava Lyudini'' ("Rights of a Person"), the newspaper of a Ukrainian human rights organization, Kharkiv, December 2001 〕 Their teachings were soon regarded as anti-Soviet. Members of religious groups, mostly Jehovah's Witnesses, qualified as religious elements considered a potential danger for the communist regime.〔''Comisia Prezidenţială pentru Analiza Dictaturii Comuniste din România: Raport Final'' / ed.: Vladimir Tismăneanu, Dorin Dobrincu, Cristian Vasile, Bucureşti: Humanitas, 2007, ISBN 978-973-50-1836-8, p. 754 〕〔Elena Şişcanu, ''Basarabia sub ergimul bolşevic (1940-1952)'', Bucureşti, Ed. Semne, 1998, p.111 〕 In November 1950, Viktor Abakumov reported an idea to Stalin about their deportation, and Stalin suggested to plan this for March–April 1951.〔

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